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After the birth:
Newborn child base examination (U2)
The newborn child base examination or U2 takes place three to ten days after the birth. It is into carried out 72 hours after the birth at a clinic delivery mostly. If the mother has given birth ambulatorily, it is important to fix a time with a pediatrician appropriately early. The child is examined thoroughly physically. The weight, the body length and the head circumference are found out once more. The organs are felt, spinal column and hips checked, the sense organs, motoricity or reflexes and nervous system checked exactly. The sexual organs and the anus are also examined. The physician will also collect once the exact anamnesis of the newborn child and question the mother about pregnancy risks, birth course (respiratory arrest or spasms) as well as about difficulties of the infant when swallowing or drinking thoroughly. Under the point "other remarks" in the yellow examination exercise book it makes a note of the gift of vitamin K. the vitamin is orally given after the birth soon. It promotes the blood coagulation and counteracts cerebral hemorrhages. The pediatrician also informs about the rickets and caries prophylaxis in the context of this examination. Being devoted oneself to vitamin D preparation to the rickets prophylaxis. Rickets is a hypovitaminosis. D lacks vitamin or a child gets too little sunlight, the vitamin D cannot be changed into its effective shape in the skin. As a consequence the installation of mineral salts is delayed into the bones. If the child starts to crawl or to straighten up, the leg bones bend by the load especially. The consequence is an early wear of the joints. Perhaps fluorine preparations are ordered to the caries prevention.
In the context of the U2 it is usual to carry out a sonography of both hips (hip ultrasound). It is then repeated five weeks later with an orthopedist. With this ultrasound scan a so-called hip dysplasia can be diagnosed. It appears at 1-3 per cent of the newborn childs. Endangered particularly there are children in whose family there already are near relations who have this malposition of the hip joint. Children are also more frequently concerned with breech presentation or twins. The sex also plays a role. With girls the hip dysplasia happens more often than with boys. If this malposition of the hip joint is diagnosed very early, then it can be healed completely, treated at full term. The delayed effect of this illness, an arthrosis, is prevented.
A further important component of the U2 is the so-called newborn child screening. Certain metabolic diseases are stated with a blood test. The concept Guthrie test or PKU test is (deduced from phenylketonuria) is used for it frequently synonymously. Only a couple of guttas of blood are necessary for it from the heel of the baby.
The newborn child-screening contains the examination for a number of metabolic diseases, such as diseases of the amino acid metabolism (phenylketonuria, leucinosis, tyrosinemia) and sugar metabolic disturbances (galactosemia). But also an insufficient function of the thyroid or a cystic fibrosis can be recognized. The PKU test (Guthrie test) in the real meaning was developed therefore available to establish metabolic disturbance phenylketonuria. At this disease phenylalanine is too much in the blood, among other things what can lead to mental retardation if no special diet is observed. Since some metabolic diseases can be stated only if the baby has already taken milk the test should carried out be at the earliest 48 hours after the birth. The screening should be only later made, too, if the child has a newborn child infection and must be treated with antibiotics.
Only since some years a hearing test is also offered for the newborn childs. Two of 1000 children were born with a mutual durable hearing disorder. Lastingly, are the emotional and social development of a child of this concernedly. The hearing test simply can with the newborn childs and is carried out without large load. If the hearing disorder is already recognized and treated very early, then the speech development takes place most largely normally.
In the course of the next life months until its sixth year of life another seven check-ups are provided certainly (U3 to U9). Still gives the J1 for twelve-year which the youth health advice is in the foreground besides the physical examination.
These informations may be considered a substitute for a piece of medical advice in no case. The content of health-illness.com doesn't can and may be put into any case to make diagnoses or carry out self medical treatment independently.
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