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Gestosis
Concept clearance
Gestosis is, a pregnancy specific illness which manifests itself the definition of this disease has changed with increased blood pressure and/or egg-white excretions in the urine and/or water inclusions (edemas). In the past, it was an expression for all pregnancy specific illnesses. You then assumed that the illness is triggered by a special poison. The concepts pregnancy poisoning or gestosis also therefore come. The name edema-proteinuria-hypertension gestosis, these of the symptoms edemas, egg-white excretion in the urine (proteinuria) and high blood pressure (hypertension) also is derived, still is used. New names used today are: "hypertensive illness in the pregnancy" (HES) or "pregnancy induced hypertension" (SIH). These concepts orientate themselves to this that an increase in the blood pressure is up the most important and most frequent sign of this pregnancy conditional illness more than 140/90 mm of Hg.
Two forms of the gestosis are distinguished into dependence of the time of their occurrence:
- Early gestosis: in the first pregnancy third
- Late gestation disorder: in the last pregnancy third
No gestoses appear in the second pregnancy third for common. One talks about the so-called tolerance stage. Most gestoses are late gestation disorders.
Causes
The exact causes of the gestosis are unknown. Several pathological events apparently overlap. Being suspected: Lacking adaptation of the body to the pregnancy -- particularly the womb, insufficient blood fluid increase, disturbances in the biochemical metabolism, acute nutrient deficiency.
Disease symptom
- Rise of the blood pressure to over 140/90 mm of Hg.
- Excretion of protein in the urine (proteinuria; Egg-white excretions of 300 mg in 24 hours are normal, one talks about a heavy egg-white excretion disturbance at more than 3 g in 24 hours).
- Water inclusions with solid tumescences at the ankles, the legs, the hands and in the face which can walk along with a weight gain of more than 1-1,5 kg/week. It must be taken into account here that some Mesdames Wasser store without there being a gestosis, though. There just are gestoses without too big water inclusions.
Clinical pictures
Insists one also speaks an increased protein excretion of praeclampsia besides the high blood pressure. It represents a very high risk for the unborn one. It can come to growth retardation of the child and premature placental solution. If epilepsy similar seizures at the mother appear, it is the most difficult form of the gestosis the eclampsia. Going dizziness feeling, headaches, hyperkinesia and visual defects, for it ahead. This manifestation of the gestosis can lead to multi-organ damages with death consequence. The symptoms can be recognized and treated at full term due to the check-ups.
It comes to an ischemia of the womb at a gestosis. This causes tissue changes at the placental which lead to a so-called placental insufficiency. Even a light gestosis therefore represents a serious danger for the unborn child. It is often born as a premature delivery or small-for-date baby. The childlike mortality is increased during and after the birth. The gestosis is the most frequent reason for premature deliveries.
Risk groups
Gestoses appear in large numbers:
- Women who are charged by high blood pressure illnesses familially,
- Multiple pregnancies,
- very young or old first giving birth,
- existing vessel illnesses of the mother (by chronic kidney diseases, high blood pressure, diabetes, nicotine abuse),
- overweight pregnant women and women fed badly (protein deficiency).
Therapy of the gestosis
Since the exact cause isn't known to the gestosis, only a therapy of the symptoms can be carried out. Gets to the hypertension (high blood pressure) meets medicines blood pressure lowering with measures like stress avoidance, confinement to bed and possible. These must be compensated for at egg-white losses. A low-sodium and fluid reduced diet (rice-/ fruit days) isn't recommended, diuretic means (so-called diuretica) not used any more today any more. You strengthen only the blood volume deficiency and the inspissation of the blood. At light forms of the gestosis the disease symptoms go back by confinement to bed and nutrition rich in proteins. If this doesn't happen, an introduction of the pregnant woman to the clinic is inevitable. The condition of the unborn is carefully monitored. It is often required to end the pregnancy by a cesarean section prematurely since the fetus is cared for no longer sufficiently and a threatening eclampsia shall be turned away at the mother.
These informations may be considered a substitute for a piece of medical advice in no case. The content of health-illness.com doesn't can and may be put into any case to make diagnoses or carry out self medical treatment independently.
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