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Vaccinating recommendations
1. Permanent vaccinating committee
The STIKO (permanent vaccinating committee) gives vaccinating recommendations. 16 experts who are appointed by the federal Minister of Health or the federal Minister of Health sit in the STIKO. The members of the commission meet twice every year and deal with protective vaccinations and infectious diseases in research and practice. The STIKO has your seat in the Robert cook institute in Berlin.
The STIKO recommendations are the most meaningful information source for the vaccinating physicians. You reflect the latest scientific knowledge again.
The recommendations legally effectively become, however, the STIKO only when they were included in it for single federal states by the topmost country health authorities in the "public recommendations".
The STIKO judges every vaccination with regard to its significance for the health of the population and divides it up into different categories:
- vaccinations recommended generally,
- Indication vaccinations,
- Journey vaccinations.
2. Vaccinating plan
The following vaccinating plan is based on vaccinating recommendations of the permanent vaccinating committee (STIKO). Stand is July 2004. Of course an exact compliance with the predefined vaccinating times isn't always possible. As a rule, the recommended vaccinations are carried out at the individual precautions appointments of the children. (Still a tip: You make to note down the individual vaccinating appointments with pencil in the vaccinating card of your child)!
The vaccinations recommended at the moment generally are taken by the legal health insurances, as a rule. Mostly, journey vaccinations aren't taken. Health insurance and vaccinating categories (vaccination, journey vaccination, indication vaccination, recommended generally) depending on insurance species (privately or legally) pass differences, whether a vaccination is refunded.
Infancy with a 6-fold polyvalent vaccine to four becomes the vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping coughs and hepatitis B, poliomyelitis (polio), Hemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) in this recommended (after completed and as well as a fourth vaccination between life 2., 3. 4. month 11. 14. month the time completed and life). Variations are possible depending on contents of the components and to manufacturer.
A booster vaccination which, however, shouldn't take place as 5 years after the last vaccination earlier should be carried out against tetanus and diphtheria between the perfect 5th and 6th years of life. Another booster vaccination should be carried out against tetanus, diphtheria, whooping coughs and poliomyelitis between the perfect 9th and 17th years of life. Also here is for 5-year distance again.
The permanent vaccinating committee recommends a check the infant in addition to the vaccination of the infants against whooping coughs, whether narrow contact persons (brothers and sisters, parents, day parents, grandparents etc.) have a sufficient immune protection. An immunization of the persons in question should be made up at the latest four weeks from the birth of a baby. A mother not protected sufficiently can be vaccinated after the birth within the first days.
The vaccination against hepatitis B can be carried out also just after the birth of a baby if for example the danger insists that the mother is infectious.
To incomplete vaccinal Between among other things hepatitis B will immune protection completed at hepatitis B.
The vaccination against veins, mumps and rubellas, should also often MMR be carried out (abbreviated) for the first time between the perfect 11th and 14th life months, a second vaccination between the perfect 15th and 23rd life months. The minimum distance between the two vaccinations should amount four weeks. The 2nd MMR vaccination should be carried out at the latest until perfect 2nd year of life as early as possible.
For the vaccination a polyvalent vaccine is used for common. Further recommendation of the STIKO provides, children after contact to people, the veins, who are unprotected or vaccinated only once, within three days, mumps or rubellas have to vaccinate (incubation vaccination) against the causative agents.
Only since July 2004 the STIKO has recommended the vaccination due to the complication possibilities against chickenpoxes. The vaccination should be carried out in the 2nd year of life (11th to 14 perfect life month). It can be given into combination with the vein mumps rubellas' vaccination or at the earliest four weeks after this vaccination. All children and juvenile between the 9th and 17th years of life which haven't gone through any chickenpoxes illness still also should be vaccinated.
3. Further vaccinating recommendations
The STIKO recommends even further vaccinations for certain risk groups.
A vaccination is recommended for children as of the perfect 2nd life month and teenagers with basic illnesses or a health risk increased against pneumococci. The causative agent is responsibly for a lung inflammation, meningitis (meningitis), otitis media or paranasal sinusitis.
Belonging to the basic illnesses:
- Condition after a spleen resection or spleen illness,
- Chronic heart and lung illnesses,
- Diabetes,
- Kidney damages,
- Chronic immune deficiency diseases.
Falling under an increased health risk:
- Early given birth (< 38. pregnancy week),
- Babies with a birth weight under 2500 gram,
- Infants and children with neurological illnesses or prospering disturbances.
Children should be vaccinated in addition to the vaccinating plan recommended generally against influenza if they suffer from the following illnesses:
- Chronic bronchitis,
- Illnesses of the heart circulation system
- Kidney illnesses,
- Metabolic disturbances.
Already as of the 6th life month this vaccination is possible. The protective effect of the vaccination keeps a year. The vaccination should be carried out at the end of the summer or at the fall beginning before the wave of influenza.
A vaccination against FSME (early summer Meningo encephalitis) is recommended to residents by FSME endemic infection fields and people which frequently travel there. The risk fields which are updated every year are expelled by maps.
You should always think to a sufficient vaccinal immune protection at the journey planning. The disease causative virus is transferred by ticks. The basic immunization contains three injections with the killed virus. The first two vaccinating doses are given to months in the distance of 2 weeks to 3, the third part vaccination then should be carried out after 9 to 12 months. For the retention of the vaccinal immune protection a booster vaccination is necessary after 5 years.
With little children as of the perfect first year of life the vaccination should be carried out only under a strict indication. Use and risks must be carefully weighed up. The currently available vaccine is allowed since spring 2002 and may be used for children as of the first year of life.
It can come to a vaccination reaction after the FSME vaccination rarely. The child can feel exhausted and tired temporarily. Rötungen and painful tumescences can be ascertainable in the injection place. The inflammation signs fade away, however, by themselves after few days.
As a rule, the legal health insurances take on the costs of the vaccination for persons who live in expelled endemic infection fields. It otherwise is regarded as a journey vaccination whose costs must be usually borne themselves.
These informations may be considered a substitute for a piece of medical advice in no case. The content of health-illness.com doesn't can and may be put into any case to make diagnoses or carry out self medical treatment independently.
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