Parasites

The concepts comedo or parasite synonymously are also needed for parasites. An organism which lives at the expense of its host is meant with that. If the parasite happens on its host, then it is an ectoparasite (for example lice, ticks, mites). The parasite lives, in the tissue and it as an endoparasite described (for example vermises, Plasmodium > malaria causative agent etc.) becomes blood of its host in deeper body cavities. The parasites live on the body substance (itch mite skin cells), the intestine content (Manden, spool and tapeworms) or body juices (ticks, lice - blood).

One also distinguishes, whether at parasites they live organisms whole (obligate) or partial (facultative), permanent (stationary) or at times (temporarily) at the expense of another.

At once, in the broader sense all organisms which live as parasites when parasites described are whether it is animals, bacteria, viruses or mushrooms. One thinks primarily of animal parasites like protists, vermises (helminths) or arthropods in the German-speaking space at parasites. The ticks, itch mites, lice and fleas, are part of the latter.

Some parasites infect only a certain host, the so-called main host. You are adapted to it very narrowly. The specialization goes even so far that himself a parasite genus man shares the biotope (head louse > hairy head; Crab louse > pudendum hairiness, body louse > of hairless bodies).

Other parasites aren't for once highly specialized and affected also accidental hosts. The life cycle of a parasite can happen in/on only a host or its design cycle is marked by partly complicated host changes. One distinguishes into intermediate hosts, the unripe stadia of the parasite contain which ones and the final host. In/on him the sexually mature parasites live and increase themselves.

So-called stack and transport hosts transfer only the parasites, no development of the parasite, however, takes place in them. A quite unusual example of it is the tick in our margins. But then, it represents on the one hand a classic ectoparasite which needs blood of its host (man, other mammals) for its own development at the blood suck also more different pathogenetic organisms Borrelien, FSME viruses, can transfer (honest).

Parasites are spread ubiquitously (in the whole world), the insects serving as transport hosts, however, are represented more frequently and with a larger number of species in the tropics and subtropics. Parasitic illnesses have to be found more frequently therefore in these climatic zones. Lacking hygiene and impoverishment frequently favor the spreading of parasites.


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