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Borreliosis (Lyme disease)
The borreliosis is a bacterial infectious disease which as a rule is transferred by ticks (common tick, Ixodes ricinus). According to the activity of the ticks it comes to a seasonal accumulation of the illness of April until October if the ticks lie in wait for their hosts (mammals, birds and reptiles) in woods, bushes and grasses. Very different (5 to 50%) is the contamination of the ticks with the causative agent Borrelia burgdorferi. The infected ticks have to be found in all of Germany and the causative agent happens in every stage of development of the ticks. The infection with the causative agent doesn't leave any lifelong immunity.
The cause of the Lyme borreliosis is the spiral bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi. It was discovered 1982 of Burgdorfer and Babour. Different serotypes of the bacterium are, confessed the possibly different pathogenicity (to make ability ill) and befit organ affinities (certain organs prefer) meanwhile, too. The causative agent often reaches bodies of the man with the deadening saliva of the tags only 12 to 48 hours after the bite. (Removing the tick always therefore rapidly!).
The disease goes in three stadia in which not everybody must be available distinctively.
Stage I:
Within few days until six weeks after the tick bite an annular, greater nascent skin arises redden around the bite place which fades inside again. One calls it erythema migratory. The skin concerned is warmer than its environment. Another skin appearance which primarily appears with children, teenagers and women at borreliosis is the so-called benign lymphocytoma (Lymphadenoseis cutis benign). It is a half spherical partly replete red partly bluish red thickened skin delimited sharply. It appears preferentially at the earlobes, the nipples and in the genital area.
In addition, there can be influenza similar troubles (fevers, exhaustion, headaches, joint pains, muscle pains).
Disappear untreatedly redden the skin and the troubles after one to two weeks again. However, this disease phase can drag on for months, too.
Only about 1/3 of the people who were bitten by an infected tick develop the typical disease symptoms. A part falls ill not or in an atypical way and/or gets finished with the infection without antibiotics.
Stage II
It comes at 10 to 20% the not treated in the first phase:
- Concentration and memory weakness,
- Atmosphere fluctuations,
- Face nerve paralyses most (of unilateral > facial paresis),
- Meningitis with versatile symptoms (fevers, vomiting, headaches),
- Joint pains (arthritis) > duration 1 -2 weeks.
It comes to heart and myositises as well as inflammations of the optic nerves very rarely.
Stage III
Without elimination of the infection by the endogenous immune system or a corresponding antibiotic therapy the stage III develops after months or years. Rheumatic troubles have the fallen ill in single great joints (chronic polyarthritis). The nerve disturbances of the phase II increase. In very rare cases another skin appearance appears at the extremities. It is the acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. The subcutis fatty tissue forms back and the skin places concerned are colored blue reddishly. You show a cigarette paper like convolution and have a distinctive vein drawing.
You always should with your child to the physician when there is the suspicion of borreliosis. There are some similar rheumatic troubles and part achievement disturbances of the brain which have another cause.
The diagnosis of the borreliosis with the skin appearances falling into the eye isn't always possible since these symptoms also can be missing. In addition, himself cannot 50% the fallen ill at all remember a tick bite, primarily then not, if it is the often tiny, hardly discovering cash larva stadia of the ticks. Examinations of the blood, the synovial fluid, the brain water or of skin tests for antibodies or bacterium components are helpful at the diagnosis position.
The therapy consists in the gift of antibiotics. With Klein and schoolchildren penicillin or ampicillin is usually prescribed. With taller children tetracyclines also can be given. Depending on disease stage the antibiotics are given into tablet shape or as an infusion. The medical treatment lasts for two to four weeks. A prophylactic Antibiotikagabe after a tick stitch without occurrence of symptoms isn't recommended.
The prognosis is very good with children among eight years. With children, primarily the nerve disturbances go more mildly than with adults.
Prophylactically cannot met the borreliosis by it of course be, it first at all come to allow (also see protection from tick stitches ticks to this) under the chapter to a tick bite and remove the tick as quickly as possible (see remove ticks to this) from ticks in the chapter.
These informations may be considered a substitute for a piece of medical advice in no case. The content of health-illness.com doesn't can and may be put into any case to make diagnoses or carry out self medical treatment independently.
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