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Lice (pediculosis - lice infestation)
If children get lice, it usually is head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis). Felt and body lice are very rare with children. Head lice are far common in Europe. These parasites don't transfer any diseases. They can increase explosively on a man, though. Without the blood of their hosts they dry out depending on temperature after 1 to 7 days. You are and/or close contact to neighbors in a public transport, cinemas, wardrobes etc., only "whispers to each other by close body contact transferred, it is through". You don't crawl rapidly, however, jump or fly. Contrary to the predominant public opinion louse attack has to do nothing with a lacking body hygiene.
Lice rather have optimal prolonged gestation conditions in day-care centers and schools. When playing and raging the lice can rapidly reach of a host, on the other hand. Caps are mixed up rapidly. Children are therefore affected by lice predominating in the basic school age. So alarm is on an average beaten five times in the year because of head louse attack in elementary schools.
1. Prolonged gestation and way of life of the lice
Lice sucking mouth tools are ectoparasites and suck with hers piercingly 2 till 3 times minimumly blood from the scalp. You therefore are wingless insects and can only by direct body contact or short routes of man to man are transferred. One can himself infect about affected hairs for example over brushes, combs, caps, hats, scarves, towels and bedlinen, used jointly.
Head lice stay exclusively in the area of the hairy head. You prefer primarily the area behind the ears, the nape and the temples. The skin is there particularly thin so that they can suck lightly there.
The grayish brown insects are approximately 2.6 millimeters long and have very strong claws at their six legs. They himself can do thanks to these legs excellently adhere to the hairs.
The female louse puts 3 to 4 eggs (nits) minimumly which it immediately fastens to the hairs over the skin surface with a sticky secretion. In the course of its 4 up to 5-week one life the louse can therefore put 100 to 150 eggs. The hair growing again transports the stuck nits always further of the skin surface away.
If the nits are that is 2 to 3 centimeters from the hair ground away, then you can assume that the head is already some weeks affected by lice.
A nit needs about 8 days on the average to the maturation. As long as it still contains the louse embryo, it seems brownish till blackish. After the hatching out of the animals a silverly shiny envelope remains back at the hair. The slipped larva needs three ecdysis to get sexually mature. This development uses only two to three weeks.
2. How is head louse attack recognized?
Feel as the first symptom affected unite a strong pruritus. It comes because the lice give their saliva after a relatively painless stitch into the wound. It prevents the blood coagulation and causes the typical pruritus. This symptom is, however, perceived only weeks after the infection sometimes. The lymph nodes are frequently also extended at the neck and in the nape. The strong pruritus led to scratching. Being able to be infected for scratched skin authorities and leading to an eczema like exanthema the partly bloodily.
With a magnifying glass the only 2 to 3 millimeters great can in the skin places concerned, recognize lice. You are mobile and their bodies seem transparent to pale brown if they have vacuumed themselves fully the stain gets reddish. The head is deep brown.
To recognize lighters are the about 1 millimeter great, whitish nits. You are often mistaken for shacks, however, don't have how to remove these lightly but to have to be drawn from the hair really.
3. What has to be taken into account at head louse attack?
Go to your treating physician. It will inform her about the medical treatment possibilities. Perhaps the whole family must be co-treated.
Inform the nursery school or the school about the head louse attack. The head of the facilities then informs the responsible public health department. Before the re-visit a medical medical certificate is necessary.
4. How are head lice treated?
The medical treatment should be carried out as quickly as possible.
For killing the lice different working substances are offered in the form of shampoos, sprays, lotions, emulsions and gels. Not everyone is, however, suitable for children. Primarily infants and little children shouldn't be treated into management of one's own. Some preparations as well may not be used in the pregnancy.
Employ the prescribed means exactly according to directions. A second medical treatment should be carried out after 8 to 10 days to really kill every surviving louse. For a renewed attack the survival of one single egg suffices.
The nits tightly adhering to the hairs should therapy accompanyingly be combed out with a special nit comb. The remove of the nits is made easier if a vinegar flush (1 part of 6 per cent dish vinegars on 2 parts water, no vinegar condensed extract) of the hairs was carried out before combing (approx. 10 minutes one working time). The nits are loosened by it. However, they aren't killed!
So that the lice and nits don't survive on utensils, the following cleaning measures should be carried out:
- Cleaning combs, hairbrushes and clasps thoroughly.
- Bedlinen, clothes and towels at at least 60 degrees wash.
- Also washing caps', scarves, pillows, blankets and cuddling animals at 60 º C if possible. If the objects may not be cleaned so hotly, lock them for 14 days in plastic bags and freeze them for a day.
- Car seats and head-rests as well as upholstered furniture and carpets must carefully hoovered the anther be disposed of at once.
5. How can one bend lice infestation forward?
If lice appear in school or the nursery school, the scalp should minimumly, best be checked with a magnifying glass. Pay attention to whether your child more frequently than common scratches itself. A preventive medical treatment with the special anti louse means isn't shown. Washing merely with tea tree shampoo can offer a little protection.
These informations may be considered a substitute for a piece of medical advice in no case. The content of health-illness.com doesn't can and may be put into any case to make diagnoses or carry out self medical treatment independently.
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