Hip dysplasia

The hip dysplasia is a congenital malposition of the hip joint. The illness belongs to the most frequent congenital skeleton malformations. It comes to a hip dysplasia if the so-called acetabulum which represents a part of the pelvis is not trained correctly and therefore too flat yet. The spheroid head of the femur cannot sit in the joint correctly so. The femur doesn't find any hold. If the femur slips out completely from the socket, it is a so-called dislocation of hip. The hip dysplasia can happen hips at one or both (with approx. 40% of the children concerned).

The hip dysplasia appears, a dislocation of hip only with 0.2% of the newborn childs at 1-3 per cent. With girls the hip dysplasia happens more frequent than with boys six times.

The hip dysplasia is caused hereditarily in most cases. Children with whom narrow relatives suffered from the same malformation are at risk. There also are, however, certain risk factors which favor the emergence of this skeleton malformation. So certain birth positions of the child, like a buttocks or breech presentation, can cause a moving of the hip head in the acetabulum. The cramped place situation at twins also favors the emergence of the illness.

Also further factors are discussed which promote the emergence of the hip dysplasia: So the pregnancy hormone causes progesterone the breaking up of the pelvis ring at the nascent mother. It is suspected that with female fetuses the increased hormone concentrations lead to a stronger breaking up of the hip joint capsule. Deformities of the spinal column, the legs and the foots as well favor the malformation.

The clinical picture at a hip dysplasia appears as follows:

The movability of the legs is restricted. The child cannot spread the legs correctly (spreading inhibition). You notice this for example when wrapping if you have difficulties with spreading the thigh of the child. If the joint head of the thigh has already slipped out from the socket, the leg concerned makes a shorter impression. It is another symptom that the topmost kipping old ones are on a different height. This asymmetry feature can be, however, missing at a mutual illness.

The hip dysplasia and the dislocation of hip can already be diagnosed in the context of the U2. This routine examination takes place between the 3rd and 10th living stays of the infant, mostly still in the birth clinic. At first the hip of the child is judged according to the obvious external features how spread inhibition and fold asymmetry. The attending orthopedist as well asks for risk factors, how familial load, breech presentation and twins. A sonography of both hips (hip ultrasound) per default is then still carried out. Another examination of the infant is carried out in the context of the U3 (between the 4th and 6th life weeks) with hip ultrasound with the orthopedist mostly after five weeks.

The result of a hip dysplasia which isn't recognized at full term or not treated can be for example a dislocation of hip at which the femur slips out from the socket. A delayed effect of an untreated hip dysplasia is a premature wear on the hip joint. The persons affected already then fall ill with an arthrosis of the hip joint in the early adult more oldly.

The diagnosis and medical treatment of a hip dysplasia should be so rapidly carried out as possible. If the illness is treated consistently within the first life weeks and months, the hip joints of the children concerned develop in over 90% of the cases completely normally. Your attending doctor will order your child spreading trousers. The hip joint head is kept about in the socket through them that false loads are avoided and the hip joint socket can slowly develop correctly. An optimal medical treatment success often already enters when the child wears the spreading trousers for three to six months. It is important that your child permanently has the spreading trousers on. Wearing spreading trousers isn't aching. Sometimes it can, however, be necessary to operate. This is for example the case if conservative methods of treatment, like wearing spreading trousers, splints, bandages or gypsum, none have success. The joint cannot always be treated with conservative methods either.

The medical treatment success should be checked with a roentgen examination for some time after conclusion of the medical treatment.


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