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Definition
An inflammatory respiratory systems illness which is accompanied by a tense sensitiveness of the respiratory systems on numerous stimuli and a spontaneously or medicinally reversible bronchoconstriction is asthma bronchial.
Explanation
So one understands a variable, temporary transfer of the respiratory systems by a narrow position of the bronchial tubes by it because of inflammation and bronchial hyperreactivity. The bronchial inflammation reaction is accompanied by the triad bronchoconstriction, (narrow position of the bronchial tubes), mucosa edema (tumescence), mucostase (accumulation of a tough mucus into the bronchial tube >, constipation). The hyperreagible bronchial system is the bronchial the precursor manifest asthma and therefore you should diagnose and treat as early as possible. Most important triggers of the hyperreagible bronchial system are the allergy of the respiration tract opposite allergens, followed by viral respiratory systems infections and inhalation of chemically irritative noxas. All these stimuli lead to an inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. The hyperreagible bronchial system shows itself clinical by an overshooting bronchoconstriction on different stimuli (triggerfactoren).
Pathognomonic symptom is a dyspnea appearing with pleasure the asthma bronchial with cough and expectoration of a tough, glassy mucus.
One distinguishes the so-called extrinsic or allergic asthma of the intrinsic, not allergic asthma. A great role as well as different triggers of an asthma attack play both genetic as also environment factors at the asthma. The original triggers of the two asthma shapes are different:
Extrinsic/allergic asthma
- by substances causing allergy in the environment
- substances causing by allergy in the working world (occupational disease occupational disease no. 4301)
Intrinsic/not allergic asthma
- by respiratory systems infection
- by chemical irritatively or toxically substances (occupational disease no. 4302)
- by gastroesophageal reflux ("heartburn")
- by effort (with children and teenagers)
- Pseudoallergic reaction by analgesics (e.g. aspirin)
The frequency of both shapes is approx. 10%, 80% of the persons affected suffer from a mixture. The infection asthma predominates, in the child and adolescence the purely allergic asthma in the age > 45 year which steadily gains in frequency in the last few years. The occurrence in the population is approx. 5% up to 10% of the children suffer from asthma bronchial, about 15% of the population have a nonspecific bronchial hypersensitivity.
Differentiation allergic/not allergic asthma:
| |
Allergic asthma |
Not allergic asthma |
| Atopic in the family |
Very frequent |
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| Allergic rhinitis/conjunctivitis |
Very frequent |
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| Hypersensitivity opposite analgesics |
- |
Frequent |
| Serum increases specific IgE I. |
Yes |
- |
| Positive skin a-/ o provocation test |
Yes |
- |
| The disease beginning |
Predominating childhood |
Predominating adulthood |
Prognosis
Asthma with children: Curing in approx. 50% of the cases asthma with adults: Curing in approx. 20% of the cases, recovery in approx. 40%. Inhaleable glucocorticoid can a consistent longer-term therapy improve the prognosis decisively!
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